Arbuscular mycorrhizas modulate carbohydrate, phenolic compounds and hormonal metabolism to enhance water deficit tolerance of olive trees (Olea europaea)

Olive trees (Olea europaea L.) in natural environments are increasingly being subjected to abiotic stresses, such as water deficit. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbioses can improve olive tolerance In the current study, elucidate role of AM fungi regulating deficit resistance olive, effects Rhizophagus irregularis DAOM 197198 on gas exchange, stem potential, phytohormones, carbohydrates and individual phenolic compounds were studied potted culture under well-watered deficit-stressed conditions. Results showed a negative impact abscisic acid (ABA) salicylic (SA) contents roots. On other hand, many intermediaries primary secondary among accumulating more leaves, mainly sugar alcohols (mannitol), flavan 3-ols (catechin), flavones (luteolin 7-O-glucoside), secoiridoid (oleuropein). These enhancements higher Maintaining high (especially oleuropein) sugars mannitol) levels stressed plants prevented potential decline critical value, which did not exceed − 2 MPa, compared their relative non-mycorrhizal (−3.8 MPa). We that colonization roots by significantly reduced deleterious effect stress up-regulating metabolism preserving level.